Inferring Vortex and Dust Devil Statistics from InSight

The InSight mission has operated on the surface of Mars for nearly two Earth years, returning detections first Marsquakes. lander also deployed a meteorological instrument package and cameras to monitor local activity. These instruments have detected boundary layer phenomena, including small-scale vortices. vortices register as short-lived, negative pressure excursions closely resemble those that could generate dust devils. Although our analysis shows encountered more than 900 collected 1000 images martian surface, no active devils were imaged. In spite lack devil detections, we can leverage vortex InSight's daily wind speed measurements learn about processes create We discuss data assess statistics infer encounter distances and, therefrom, maximum speeds. Surveying available imagery, place upper limits what fraction carry (i.e., how many are bonafide devils) estimate threshold speeds lifting. Comparing results tracks seen in space-based observations landing site, thresholds frequency track formation by encounters parameters with advective speeds, find evidence high at may suppressed devils, explaining imaged